全口義齒適應(yīng)性研究

張懷勤

[摘要] 目的 了解無牙頜患者對(duì)全口義齒適應(yīng)期的長短及影響因素。方法 總結(jié)近5年口腔門診無牙頜病例21例,剩余牙槽嵴高度和寬度均中度吸收,初次全口義齒修復(fù)。患者年齡 55-70歲。結(jié)果 10天內(nèi)適應(yīng)1例,占4.8%;20天內(nèi)適應(yīng)2例,占9.5%;30天內(nèi)適應(yīng)9例,占42.9%;40天內(nèi)適應(yīng)7例,占33.3%;60天內(nèi)適應(yīng)2例,9.5占%。結(jié)論 多數(shù)無牙頜患者可在30天內(nèi)適應(yīng)全口義齒。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 義齒;修復(fù);無牙頜

[中圖分類號(hào)] R783.6[文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A[文章編號(hào)] 1004-8650(2009)05-02-02

Study of the satisfaction of the wearers with complete denture

ZHANG Huai-qin

(Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China)

[Abstract] Objective To evaluate the duration before acceptance of complete denture and the factors on acceptance. Methods 21 edentulous patients with middling resorption of residual ridge were chosen for the study. All patients with age between 55 and 70 were new wearer of complete denture. Results 4.8% patients accepted complete denture within 10 days; 9.5% patients accepted complete denture within 20 days; 42.9% patients accepted complete denture within 30 days; 33.3% patients accepted complete denture within 40 days. 9.5% patients accepted complete denture within 60 days. Conclusion Majority of edentulous patients could accept complete denture within 30 days.

[Key words] denture; rehabilitation; edentulous

無牙頜相對(duì)于部分牙列缺損來說,對(duì)患者的心理和功能的影響更大,因此無牙頜患者對(duì)義齒的需求更為迫切。患者希望盡快修復(fù)好義齒的心情是可以理解的,但通常拔牙后3個(gè)月牙槽嵴吸收才能基本穩(wěn)定,并且義齒修復(fù)后需要一個(gè)適應(yīng)期。患者希望戴上義齒后能像正常人一樣行使功能,但要實(shí)現(xiàn)這似乎簡單的要求,需要克服很多困難。需要患者對(duì)義齒充分認(rèn)識(shí)并與醫(yī)生密切配合。全口義齒的適應(yīng)性即主觀對(duì)全口義齒的接受程度。對(duì)于少數(shù)適應(yīng)性差的患者,我們要仔細(xì)分析原因,找出問題所在,總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

1臨床資料

近5年口腔門診全口義齒修復(fù)病例21例,剩余牙槽嵴高度和寬度中度吸收,初次全口義齒修復(fù)。患者年齡 55-70歲。

適應(yīng)即患者無明顯異物感,義齒不易脫位,可發(fā)揮咀嚼功能。

常規(guī)制取無牙頜印模,記錄頜位關(guān)系及排牙。

2結(jié)果

10天內(nèi)適應(yīng)1例,占4.8%;20天內(nèi)適應(yīng)2例,占9.5%;30天內(nèi)適應(yīng)9例,占42.9%;40天內(nèi)適應(yīng)7例,占33.3%;60天內(nèi)適應(yīng)2例,9.5占%。

3討論

無牙頜患者因失去天然牙的支持,肌張力平衡遭到破壞,肌肉失去正常的張力和彈性,唇頰部向內(nèi)凹陷,舌體變大,客觀上給修復(fù)帶來困難[1]。……