中考中的詞語辨析

less， least， fewer， fewest

[真題導(dǎo)航]

1.The doctor told Mary to eat ________ vegetables and ________ meat because she was getting fatter and fatter.

A. much; little B. more; less

C. many; few D. more; fewer

2.The number of giant pandas is getting ________ because their living areas are becoming farmlands.

A. less and less B. larger and larger

C. smaller and smaller D. fewer and fewer

3. The shop assistant showed her several DVDs and she chose _______ expensive one.

A. less B. least

C. the less D. the least

[要點(diǎn)領(lǐng)悟]

less“較少的”， least“最少的”，分別是little的比較級和最高級，修飾不可數(shù)名詞、形容詞或副詞；fewer和fewest分別是few的比較級和最高級，修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。

[指點(diǎn)迷津]

1.選B。由題干的原因狀語從句because she was getting fatter and fatter.可知推知，兩個(gè)空白處分別填more和less，符合句法句意。

2.選B。題干中的the number of giant pandas意為“熊貓的數(shù)量”，為可數(shù)的內(nèi)容，所以，空白處應(yīng)填fewer and fewer“越來越少”，也符合后文的原因狀語從句。

3.選D。句意為“售貨員給她看了幾張DVD光碟，于是她選了最便宜的一張”，此處有最級的含義。最高級前通常要用定冠詞the，所以D選項(xiàng)正確。

alone， lonely

[真題導(dǎo)航]

1. In some foreign countries， such as Canada， children usually leave their parents when they grow up. It makes the old feel ________.

A. alone B. lonelyC. frightenedD. enjoyable

2. You’d better not leave the baby at home by himself.

A. lonelyB. aloneC. awakeD. asleep

[要點(diǎn)領(lǐng)悟]

alone是形容詞，只作表語用，意為“單獨(dú)的”，“獨(dú)個(gè)兒的”，只是陳述一個(gè)客觀事實(shí)。alone還可以作副詞用，相當(dāng)于by oneself; lonely意為“孤獨(dú)的”，表示主觀上感到孤獨(dú)、寂寞，有較濃厚的感情色彩，指因缺少朋友、同情、友誼時(shí)所產(chǎn)生的一種悲傷和憂郁的感情。它是一個(gè)形容詞，在句子中作表語或定語。用作定語時(shí)，意為“荒涼偏僻”，一般多修飾表示地主的名詞。

[指點(diǎn)迷津]

1.選B。it makes the old feel lonely意為“使老人們感到孤獨(dú)”，與前文意思吻合。

2.選B。by himself“他獨(dú)自地”，alone用作副詞時(shí)有這一用法。所以正確答案為B。

be able to， can

[真題導(dǎo)航]

1. I am afraid that I ________ finish the task in such a short time. Could you help me， please?

A. canB. am not able toC. am going to

2. —Who is playing the guitar? Is it Tony?—No. it ________ be him. I saw him in the library just now.

A. can’t B. isn’t able to

C. may not D. mustn’t

[要點(diǎn)領(lǐng)悟]

can和be able to 都可以表示“能力”，can 只表示現(xiàn)在的能力，不表示將來，表示將來要用be able to的將來式。表示過去的“能力”用can的過去式could 和was (were) able to都可以，只是有時(shí)was (were )able to 有“經(jīng)過努力達(dá)到”的意思。can還可以表示“請求和允許”以及“可能”，be able to 沒有這種用法。

[指點(diǎn)迷津]

1．選B。由題干的Could you help me， please句可知，空白處應(yīng)填表示“不能夠”意思的選項(xiàng)，所以B項(xiàng)正確。

2．選A。根據(jù)題干對話語境的意思可知，空白處應(yīng)填表示“不可能”意思的選項(xiàng)，can的否定形式表示推測時(shí)，意為“不可能”。所以A選項(xiàng)正確。

wear， put on， try on， dress

[真題導(dǎo)航]

1. The boy was able to ________ himself when he was very young.

A. dress B. wear C. put on

2. Usually， Betty ________ in colourful T—shirts in summer.

A. wears B. is dressed

C. is wearingD. dresses

3. —Do you like the new coat， Jack?

—Well， let me ________ and see.

A. wear it onB. put on it

C. try it onD. dress on it

4. Oh， Danny. It’s raining outside. You’d better ________ your raincoat.

A. put on B. put up C. dress D. to wear

[要點(diǎn)領(lǐng)悟]

1．wear指“穿著、戴著”，側(cè)重狀態(tài)，可以有進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。

2．put on指“穿、戴”，強(qiáng)調(diào)穿的動作。put on是終止性動詞詞組，表示一時(shí)的動作，一般不與時(shí)間段狀語連用。賓語是代詞位于on的前面，是名詞前后都可。

3．try on 指“試穿”的意思，賓語是代詞位于on的前面，是名詞前后都可。

4．dress在表示“穿”時(shí)，既可作及物動詞又可作不及物動詞，既可表示動作，又可表示狀態(tài)。值得注意的是：（1）表示自己穿衣服這個(gè)動作時(shí)，接反身代詞作賓語；（2）表示給別人穿衣服，接表示人的名詞或代詞作賓語；（3）dress的過去分詞dressed做表語，表示穿著狀況，或“穿著……的衣服”。（4）dress作不及物動詞時(shí)，意思是“穿衣”“穿（夜）禮服”。

[指點(diǎn)迷津]

1．選A。題干空白后為反身代詞，dress后接反身代詞表示“為某人穿衣服”。

2．選B。be dressed in…“穿……衣服”，dressed是過去分詞作表語。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)不符合句法。

3．選C。根據(jù)題干對話語境可知，空白處表示“試穿”的意思，所以C選項(xiàng)正確。

4．選A。題干前句的意思為“外面在下雨”，所以后句應(yīng)是“穿上雨衣”，put on是“穿上”的意思。

sound， voice， noise

[真題導(dǎo)航]

1. At the foot of the hill you could hear nothing but the ________ of the running water.

A. shoutB. noise C. voiceD. sound

2. Beth has a beautiful ______. Listen! She is singing very well.

A. voice B. look C. sound D. smell

[要點(diǎn)領(lǐng)悟]

1．sound表示“聲音”時(shí)含義很廣泛，指任何可以聽到的聲音，包括悅耳及令人不快的聲音。sound可用作動詞。

2．noise表示“噪音、喧鬧聲”，一般指嘈雜、吵鬧等令人不快的聲音。

3．voice表示“嗓音”，一般指人說話、唱歌或笑的聲音。

[指點(diǎn)迷津]

1．選D。根據(jù)題干的意思可知，the sound of the running water只是指“流水的聲音”，并不“噪音”或“說話的聲音”，所以D選項(xiàng)正確。

2．選A。根據(jù)是指“嗓音”，所以A選項(xiàng)正確。

look for， find

[真題導(dǎo)航]

1. I stopped _______ my pen， but I couldn’t find it.

A. looking forB. to look for

C. finding D. to find

2. Tim is ________ the hospital where he volunteered. He has forgotten where it is.

A. looking aboutB. looking at

C. looking for D. looking after

[要點(diǎn)領(lǐng)悟]

兩者都有含有“找”的意思。look for “尋找”，側(cè)重找的動作。find “找到”、“發(fā)現(xiàn)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。

[指點(diǎn)迷津]

1．選B。由題干后文的but I couldn’t find it.句可知，空白處的意思為“尋找”。stop doing sth.為“停止做某事”，stop to do sth.是“停止原來做的事情去從事to do這個(gè)動作”，動詞不定式是目的狀語。根據(jù)題干前后文的意思，B選項(xiàng)正確。

2．選C。根據(jù)題干后文He has forgotten where it is的意思可知，空白處應(yīng)填表示“尋找”的意思，所以C選項(xiàng)正確。