根據語境和英美人習慣做好補全對話

張　慶　張　蕾

【題型特點分析】補全對話是中考的常考題型，題型主要有選擇句子型、單詞填寫型和句子填寫型。這種考查不僅提供了完整的語言場合，而且體現了交際語言的情景功能，同時也加大了信息量，有利于對考生進行語言交際能力的考查。情景交際測試的目的在于利用對話的情景，考查學生實際運用英語進行交際的能力，考查學生對英語的習慣表達法和生活用語的掌握情況，對英美國家文化背景的熟悉程度和對文章語言邏輯的判斷能力。

【解題思路點撥】

1. 通讀全文，弄清對話的語境及內容。在做題時，應跳過空格或空行，快速把全篇對話通讀一遍，了解對話的整體結構，把握對話的內容及語境，把握對話的具體時間、地點、人物以及它們之間的相互關系。

2. 結合上下文，把握語境，認真推敲。對話中上下文的關系是相當密切的。做題時，可以根據上句的信息推斷下句的信息，通過下句的信息推斷上句的信息。這樣前后對照、逐句推敲、雙管齊下、瞻前顧后，抓住對話的脈絡。

3. 入鄉隨俗，符合英美人的交際習慣。在補全對話的過程中，所選句子或所填單詞和句子要符合英美人的交流習慣。在做題時要注意西方的“五不問”，即：不問年齡，不問婚否，不問經歷，不問收入，不問住址等。

4. 重讀對話，驗證答案。填寫好單詞、句子或選好選項后，應將答案進行驗證，檢查全篇對話是否貫通流暢，內容是否清晰，前后意思是否矛盾，是否符合語境，是否符合上下文的邏輯關系等等。

【命題趨勢預測】補全對話具有考查的知識面廣，綜合能力強的特點，今后的考查將更加注重語境、語篇和英美人的交流習慣。題型仍將是選擇句子型、單詞填寫型和句子填寫型。對話材料的選擇將越來越貼近生活，貼近社會，貼近學生生活。只要同學們具有較扎實的基本功，較強的語言運用能力和推斷能力，活學活用，以不變應萬變，此類題型也就能迎刃而解了。

【經典真題解析】

一、根據對話內容，從方框中選出五個合適的句子補全對話。

X=Xiao FeiM=Miss Lin

X: Good morning, Miss Lin.

M: Hi, Xiao Fei. Where have you been?

X: __1__

M: Really? Thats great!Did you talk with Mark and Judy?

X: Yes, but only a few words. And Im not sure if they understood me.

M: No problem. __2__

X: But Im afraid of making mistakes when I speak.

M: __3__ You should believe in yourself.

X: But do you think they like to talk with us beginners?

M: Yes, unless they are busy.

X: Well, Im still not so confident. You know my pronunciation(發音) is poor.

M: __4__ Try to talk with them as much as you can.

X: All Yight. __5__

A. Thanks a lot, Miss Lin.

B. Ive just been to the English Corner.

C. Thats a very bad excuse!

D. You have made a good start.

E. No, Im not.

F. We all learn from mistakes, dont we?

G. Can I help you?

分析：這段對話談論在英語角練口語，Xiao Fei對自己英語口語沒有信心，Miss Lin鼓勵他多說多練。根據問句的內容，第一空應該回答到哪里去了，因此選擇B。第二空是Miss Lin表揚他能開口說英語就是好的開端，選D。Xiao Fei害怕說英語時出錯，所以第三空Miss Lin的回答應該是F。Xiao Fei又說到對自己沒有信心，發音也不好，Miss Lin說：別給自己找借口了，盡量和別人多說就行，第四空選擇C。最后一空是Xiao Fei對Miss Lin所給的建議和鼓勵表示感謝，選A。

二、在下面對話的空白處填入適當的單詞，使對話意思完整、通順。每空填寫一詞。

A: Good morning, madam. May I help you?

B: Yes. Im afraid I __1__ my handbag on the taxi this morning!

A: Whats __2__ the handbag?

B: About 5, 000 yuan.

A:__3__ else?

B: Yes, my ID card, I think.

A: By the way, have you __4__ for the taxi ticket?

B: Yes, the ticket __5__ is 2955573.

A: Well. Ill help you to call the taxi __6__. (Knocking at the door.)

A: Come in, please.

C: Good morning, sir. I found this handbag on my taxi and I __7__ it here. Theres much money __8__.

A: Thank you very much. (Turning to the woman) Is this your handbag?

B: Yes, its __9__. Thank goodness!__10__ a kind man!Thank you.

分析:這段對話是尋找丟失的手提包，即詢問事件發生、發展和結果的對話。解題的關鍵在于通讀全文，上下求證。1.1eft, 包落在出租車上是今天早上的事情，使用過去時。2.in, 在……里面，用介詞in。3.Anything, 前面說包里有錢，后面又回答包里有身份證，所以這里應該問“還有別的什么嗎?”，注意第一個字母要大寫。4.asked，“請求，要”，是固定詞組ask for，本句使用現在完成時，所以用過去分詞。5.此句后面跟著數字，很容易想到number。 6.打電話給……, 我們很容易想到“司機”driver，這里填公司company也可以。7.把東西從別處帶來用bring，這里要使用過去時態，所以用brought。8.使用副詞inside，相當于in the handbag。9.“我的包”用名詞性物主代詞mine。10.What引導的感嘆句。

【鞏固精練】

一、補全對話 從方框中選出適當的句子，完成下列對話。每個選項只能用一次。

(A)

W: Hello!

M: Hello！This is Mark. __1__

W: Yes, this is Sandy. Anything new?

M: Its weekend tomorrow. Shall we go for a spring outing?

W: Sounds great!__2__

M: What about the Yellowstone Park? They say the sights there are most beautiful this time of the season.

W: Good!__3__

M: Well, we can fish, camp and have a picnic. Well do a lot of walking, too. __4__

W: Sure. __5__

M: Ill pick you up at about 7 tomorrow morning, OK?

W: OK!See you!

M: See you!

A. Where shall we go?

B. Whos that speaking?

C. Would you please bring your sports shoes?

D. Shall we go there?

E. May I speak to Sandy, please?

F. When shall we start out?

G. What can we do there?

(B)

A: Hello, John. Here is the book. You lent it to me last week. Thank you very much.

B: Oh, youre welcome, Tim. __1__.

A: Very much, Im sorry to have kept it so long. I havent had much time for reading these days.

B: Thats all right. __2__.

A: Have you got any more books by the same writer?

B: Yes, but I have lent it to Jim. Would you like to borrow it?

A: Yes, please. Shall I ask Jim to pass it on to me when he has finished it?

B: No, better let him return it to me and then __3__.

A: Have you got anything else I can borrow now?

B: Do you like science books? __4__.

A: __5__.

B: OK. Lets go and get it. Its in my room.

A. Ive got a good one.

B. I have read some but I dont think theyre interesting.

C. Ill let you have it.

D. How do you like it?

E. Ive never read any and Id like to try it.

F. You can ask him for it.

G. I dont mind how long you kept it.

二、根據對話內容與上下文， 在空白處填入適當詞，使對話意思完整。每空只填一詞。

(A)

Mum: Jeff, please clean up your room and __1__ out the trash now.

Jeff: Sorry, mum. I __2__ to do my homework first.

Mum: Could you tidy your room first? Im busy. I really need your

__3__. Your grandmother is coming over in an hour.

Jeff: All right, I will do that first. Could I use the car __4__ I do

my homework and clean my room?

Mum: No, your grandmother and I are going to a meeting at the

library. Im sorry. Could I give you a ride?

Jeff: OK. Im going to the theatre with Tim. Could you give him a ride, too?

Mum: Sure, he lives near the library.

Jeff: Oh, Mum!Could you give me some __5__ for my theatre ticket?

Mum: Sure.

(B)

A: I havent seen you for two months. __1__ have you been?

B: Ive been to Dalian __2__ my parents.

A: Great!How was your vacation?

B: It was wonderful. We visited many interesting __3__, such as Dalian Wildlife Zoo and the Sea Aquarium.

A: Did you go to the beach?

B: Yes. We __4__ great fun playing in the water.

A: What about the food?

B: It was delicious.

A: How about the people?

B: They __5__ really friendly to us.

三、閱讀下面的對話，根據對話內容補上所缺句子，使對話意思完整。（每空一句）

(A)

Pat Alex(P) comes by to see Li Hong (L). They talk about the party last night and about the weather.

P: Hi, Li Hong.

L: Hi, Pat. __1__?

P: Because it was so cold and rainy.

L: __2__!It was a really good party. Hey, why dont we go for a walk this afternoon, Pat?

P: Go for a walk? But its so cold out.

L: Cold out? __3__?

P: About 13℃.

L: 13℃? __4__. Just wait until winter.

P: Why?

L: Well…it snows a lot and sometimes its very cold. Last winter it was 7℃ below zero for three weeks. And it was windy too.

P: That sounds terrible!

L: __5__. The sun was out almost every day.

(B)

(Jill is not feeling well. So her mother takes her to the hospital.)

Jill: Good morning, doctor.

Doctor: Good morning. __1__?

Jill: This morning I had a pain in my head.

Doctor: __2__?

Jill: Im feeling even worse.

Doctor: Let me take your temperature. Its cold. __3__.

Jill: Really? But I dont feel any better now.

Doctor: Did you eat anything for breakfast?

Mother: No. __4__.

Doctor: Well, take this medicine three times a day. __5__.

Jill: OK. Thank you.

Key:一、(A)1.E 2.A 3.G 4.C 5.F B)1.D 2.G 3.C 4.A 5.E二、(A)1.take 2.need/have 3.help 4.after 5.money B)1.Where 2.with 3.places 4.had 5.were 三、(A)1.Why didnt you go to the party last night?2.What a pity/Thats too bad/Too bad 3.Whats the temperature 4.Thats not cold/Its not cold 5.It wasnt all that bad/It wasnt all that terrible/That wasnt so bad/No/I wouldnt say that/Not terrible (B)1.Whats the matter/wrong with you?/your trouble? 2.How are you feeling now?3.(There is) Nothing serious/wrong. 4.She didnt feel like eating anything./She didnt want to eat anything. 5.Have a good rest and drink more water./I hope youll be all right soon.