Ｕｎｉｔｓ８—１０句子解密

謝　昊

Unit 8

1.Is it someone in your family? 是不是你家里的人？

解讀 (1)it在此句中指人，表示說話時不清楚的對象可以用it代替。例如：

——Who is it? 是哪位？——Its me. 我。

Sorry!I didnt know it was you. 對不起！我不知道是你。

(2)it除上述用法外，還有：

①代替前文提到過的事物。

There is a documentary on TV; it starts at 8:15 p.m.

電視上要播出一部記錄片，晚上8:15開始。

②表示時間、天氣、距離等。

Its rather humid today. 今天挺潮濕。

Its September 10th, Teachers Day. 今天是9月10號，教師節。

Quite far, its about 2 hours drive. 挺遠的，開車大約得兩個小時。

③作形式主語或賓語，代替動詞不定式、動名詞或者從句，使原來的這些主語可以放在句子后部，免得句子顯得頭重腳輕。

Its very nice of you to say so. 你這么說真是太感謝你了。

Its time for us to get up. 我們該起床了。

Its no use talking to him about it. 跟他談這事沒用。

Its true that a new kind of microwave oven is on show in the supermarket. 是真的，超市里展出了一款新式的微波爐。

警示 it在一個具體的語言環境中指代人是暫時的，一旦不清楚的對象弄明白后，就要改用相應的人稱代詞。例如：

——Whos singing? 誰在唱歌？

——Its Ma Lili. Shes preparing for a contest.

馬莉莉。她在準備比賽。

應用 指出下列句子中的it屬于下列用法中的哪一種。

A.指代前文提到過的東西 B.指代人

C.表示時間、天氣、距離等 D.作形式主語或賓語

①You cant eat your cake and have it.

②Oh, its you; glad to meet you!

③It was late autumn.

④How much does it cost to send a letter by air?

⑤Its pity that she didnt come to my party.

⑥Is it your sister, Jenny?

⑦I found it difficult to go to sleep.

⑧Its getting dark.

解答

①A ②B ③C ④D ⑤D ⑥B ⑦D ⑧C

2.Dogs are too difficult to take care of. 狗不容易照料好。

解讀 (1)too…to的意思是“太……而不能……”。其句子結構為“too+形容詞(副詞)+to+動詞原形”。例如：

Nothing is too difficult (to do) if you put your heart in it.

(諺)世上無難事，只怕有心人。

The elephant is too big to go through the gate.

大象太大了，無法通過這個門。

The next day she got up too late to catch the early bus.

第二天，她起床太晚，沒有趕上早班車。

如果動詞不定式有自己的邏輯主語，須用for sb.，并置于它的前面。例如：

The story was too long for me to understand. 故事太長，我無法理解。

It was raining too hard for them to go on with the match.

雨下得太大了，他們無法繼續比賽。

(2)take care of照顧，照料

Take care of yourself!保重自己！

警示 ①too…to…句型中的程度副詞too不能被very, quite, so等詞代替。

②下列說法是錯誤的：

She thinks English is too hard to learn it.

因為主語English在邏輯上就是learn的賓語，所以必須去掉it。

再如：

The sports shoes are too expensive to buy. (不能在buy后接them)

Please take good care of your school things. 請保管好你的學習用品。