Ｕｎｉｔｓ１７—１８重難點(diǎn)詞匯講解

余　劍

Unit 17

1. imagine vt./n. “想象；猜測(cè)；假設(shè)”

基本用法：(1)imagine+(that)從句

Try to imagine that you are a tourist arriving in London for the first time. 想象自己是第一次來(lái)倫敦的游客。

(2)imagine what/how/why等從句

I can just imagine what the place is going to look like in a few years time. 我能想象出這個(gè)地方幾年之后會(huì)變成什么樣子。

(3)imagine (sb.) doing sth.

Its hard to imagine working in a place like that.

想象在那種地方工作是多么地艱難。

(4)imagine sb./sth. as…

I never know my grandmother but I always imagine her as a kind gentle person.

我從來(lái)沒見過我的祖母但我把她想象成一個(gè)善良溫和的人。

例題：

1. ——Look!Hes running so fast!

——Hard to ____ his legs were once broken. （2007浙江卷）

A. know B. imagine C. realize D. find

2. ——There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man.

——My goodness!I cant imagine ____ that old.（2006江蘇卷）

A. to be B. to have been C. being D. having been

2. promise vt./n.“有前途；保證；答應(yīng)；承諾；允諾”

基本用法：(1)promise (sb.) that從句

I promise (you) that such mistakes will never occur again.

我向你保證這種錯(cuò)誤不會(huì)再發(fā)生了。

(2)promise sb./sth.

I cant promise you, but Ill do my best to help you.

我不能向你承諾什么，但我會(huì)盡力幫助你。

(3)promise (sb.) to do sth.

The children have promised to give us a hand with the packing.

孩子們已經(jīng)答應(yīng)幫助我們打包。

(4)make a promise that（同位語(yǔ)從句）

I made a promise that I would take any chances to improve my oral English. 我對(duì)自己作出了承諾一定要抓住任何機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)提高英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)。

(5)make/keep/give a promise to do sth.

She kept her promise to visit her aunt regularly.

她信守定期去看望她阿姨的諾言。

拓展： break a promise 違背諾言keep a promise 信守諾言

make a promise 作出承諾 promising 有前途的；有希望的

show promise 很有前途；大有希望

3. threaten vt. “恐嚇；威脅；預(yù)示（危險(xiǎn)）”

基本用法：(1)threaten to do sth.

Every time they quarrel, Jane threatens to divorce.

每次他們一吵架，簡(jiǎn)就拿離婚來(lái)威脅。

(2)threaten sb. with sth.

We were threatened with the discharge if we didnt cooperate.

我們受到威脅如果不合作就會(huì)被炒魷魚。

(3)threaten sb./sth.

Its no use threatening me—I wont give in.

威脅我是沒有用的，我不會(huì)屈服的。

(4)threaten that從句

He is threatening that if the manager doesnt do it in his way, he will resign. 他威脅到經(jīng)理若不能按照他的方式來(lái)做的話，他將辭職。

Unit 18

4. beyond prep.

基本意義與用法：

(1)“（場(chǎng)所）在（向）……的一邊；越過”。如：

Go about 100 metres beyond the bridge, and you will find the school on the right. 越過橋后，大約走100米，你就會(huì)在右方發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)校所在。

(2)“（程度）超出……的范圍；非……不可及”。如：

The light switch was beyond the childs reach.

那電燈開關(guān)孩子是摸不到的。

(3)“（時(shí)間）遲于；過了……以后”。如：

The disco party went on until beyond midnight.

迪斯科舞會(huì)持續(xù)到半夜之后。

(4) “除……之外，……以外（用在否定句，疑問句中）”。如：

I cant tell you anything beyond what you know already.

除了你知道的以外，我無(wú)可奉告。

習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)表達(dá)：

1. beyond belief/doubt/recognition“難以置信/毫無(wú)疑問/認(rèn)不出來(lái)”

2. be beyond sb. “對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)太難了”

3. Its beyond me why/what從句 “我無(wú)法理解”

考題：

1. Its quite ____ me why such things have been allowed to happen.（2006安徽卷）

A. for B. behind C. against D. beyond

2. ——Can he take charge of the computer company?（2006四川卷）

——Im afraid its ____ his ability.

A. beyond B. within C. of D. to

5. settle vt./vi.

基本詞義與用法：

(1)vt. settle+n./wh-從句/to do/that從句等，表“決定”的意思。如：

It was settled that Jim would visit us on the weekend.

已經(jīng)確定了吉姆周末將來(lái)看我們。

(2)vt. 表“調(diào)停（爭(zhēng)端等）；解決（問題，糾紛等）；收拾；處理等”。如：settle a quarrel/argument/dispute等。

(3)vi./vt.表“（某人）定居（于某處）；使（某人）定居；居住；使穩(wěn)定；移民”。如：

After returning from abroad they settled in Shanghai.

從國(guó)外回來(lái)后，他們就在上海定居了。

拓展：

1. settle down “停止講話；（使）安靜下來(lái)；使安頓下來(lái)；定居”

2. settle for “（勉強(qiáng)）接受；（將就著）同意”

3. settle in/into “（使）適應(yīng)（新的家；工作；環(huán)境等）”

4. settle up “付清欠帳；結(jié)清帳單”

5. settle down to sth. “開始專心于（工作；活動(dòng)等）；著手認(rèn)真做（某事）”

考題：

We have no TV and have had to ____ hearing the news on the radio.

A. settle down B. settle up C. settle in D. settle for

6. turn to

動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，“轉(zhuǎn)到；轉(zhuǎn)向”的意思， 其中to是介詞，后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。如：

Now we can turn our attention to enlarging our farming area.

現(xiàn)在我們可以把注意力轉(zhuǎn)到擴(kuò)大我們的耕地面積上來(lái)。

Our talk soon turned to his part as an old soldier.

我們談話很快轉(zhuǎn)到他扮演的老士兵的事上來(lái)了。

turn to也可表示“向……尋求幫助；翻到；查閱”的意思。如：

The designers again turned to the workers for advice.

設(shè)計(jì)人員再次向工人請(qǐng)教。

拓展：

1. turn back “折回；掉轉(zhuǎn)頭”

2. turn down “調(diào)低（機(jī)器的熱度，音量等）；拒絕（提議；請(qǐng)求；邀請(qǐng)等）；關(guān)小”

3. turn off“關(guān)上（自來(lái)水，煤氣等的）開關(guān)；關(guān)閉（電視機(jī)，電燈等）”

4. turn on“打開；啟動(dòng)”

5. turn out “證明是；結(jié)果是；原來(lái)是”

6. turn over “把（犯人）交給（警方等）；把（所有權(quán)）交給（某人）；交托（某人）負(fù)責(zé)（某事）；營(yíng)業(yè)額達(dá)到”。

考題：

1. With no one to ____ in such a frightening situation, she felt very helpless.（2006陜西卷）

A. turn to B. turn on C. turn off D. turn over

2. Shes having a lot of trouble with the new computer, but she doesnt know whom to ____. （2007重慶卷）

A. turn to B. look for C. deal with D. talk about

7. compare

基本用法：

(1)vt.“比較；相比；比喻；比作”。如：

The report compares the different types of home computer currently available. 這份報(bào)告比較了目前可以買到的不同種類的家用電腦。

(2)compare sth. to/with…“把……與……相比”。如：

There is nothing to compare with a nice cold drink when you get home after work.

下班回家后，沒有什么能比得上喝一杯可口的冷飲更舒服的了。

(3)compared to/with“（在尺寸、數(shù)量、質(zhì)量上）與……相比”。如:

Compared to our small apartment, our uncles house seemed like a palace. 跟我們的小房子比起來(lái)，叔叔的房子就像宮殿一樣。

(4)compared sb./sth. to…“把……比作”。如：

Compared to the rising sun, the young people have a promising future. 比作是初升的太陽(yáng)的年輕人有著美好的未來(lái)。

考題：

1. When ____ different culture, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. （2006浙江卷）

A. compared B. being compared

C. comparing D. having compared

2. ____ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesnt seem big at all.（2004湖北卷）

A. Compare B. When comparing

C. Comparing D. When compared